Secondaries & Liquidity

Secondary Buyer

A secondary buyer is an investor that purchases existing interests in funds, portfolios, or single assets from current holders to provide liquidity.

Allocator relevance: Secondary buyers set liquidity options and pricing—allocators should understand who provides liquidity and under what governance protections.

Expanded Definition

Secondary buyers acquire LP interests (traditional secondaries), GP-led stakes (continuation vehicles), or single-asset positions. They evaluate NAV quality, cash flow expectations, sponsor behavior, and process integrity. For allocators, secondary buyers influence both exit timing and realized outcomes: liquidity is not free—it comes with discounts, diligence requirements, and legal complexity.

Secondary buyers also shape portfolio management decisions: when to sell, how to price, and how to manage concentration or liquidity constraints.

Decision Authority & Governance

Governance includes approvals for selling interests (IC/board policies), valuation standards, conflict handling, and disclosure requirements. Decision authority often depends on ticket size and portfolio concentration—large sales require higher-level approvals.

Common Misconceptions

  • Secondary liquidity equals “full value.”
  • Buyers only care about discount and don’t underwrite governance.
  • Secondaries are only for distressed sellers.

Key Takeaways

  • Secondary liquidity is a pricing + process trade-off.
  • Governance affects fairness and outcomes.
  • Buyers vary—track which ones specialize in what.