Threshold Pharmaceuticals

Evofosfamide (TH-302) was the company's primary compound, a hypoxia-activated prodrug that reached Phase 3 clinical trials for soft-tissue sarcoma and pancreatic cancer. The drug was designed to release the DNA alkylating agent ifosfamide selectively in low-oxygen tumor microenvironments (per ClinicalTrials.gov).

Yes. In 2015, Threshold licensed ex-U.S. rights to evofosfamide to Merck KGaA for development and commercialization outside the United States, Canada, Mexico, and the European Economic Area (per Merck KGaA press release, 2015). No revenue from product sales was ever recorded.

The company filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in 2017 after evofosfamide failed to meet primary endpoints in a pivotal Phase 3 trial for advanced pancreatic cancer (per SEC filing, 2017). The failure depleted cash reserves and left the firm unable to secure additional financing or partnerships for its remaining pipeline.

No. The company filed voluntary Chapter 7 bankruptcy petitions in 2017 and ceased operations. Its stock was delisted from the Nasdaq exchange. No successor entity or liquidating trust has been publicly reported.

Threshold was structured as a publicly traded biotechnology corporation (Nasdaq: THLD) financed through equity offerings, at-the-market share sales, and milestone payments from licensing partners. It had no family-office or institutional-asset-manager structure — it was a development-stage drug company.

The company specialized in developing prodrugs activated by tumor hypoxia — low-oxygen conditions prevalent in solid cancers. Its platform aimed to reduce systemic toxicity by concentrating chemotherapy delivery in malignant tissue. Research extended to HIF pathway modulation.

In Chapter 7 bankruptcy, a trustee liquidated company assets, including intellectual property portfolios related to hypoxia-activated prodrugs. Specific assignments and purchasers of the IP have not been publicly disclosed in detail.